Friday, August 2, 2024

THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA,ARTICLE :244-244A

THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, ARTICLE:244-244A

THE SCHEDULED AND TRIBAL AREAS

ARTICLE :244-244A

ADMINISTRATION OF SCHEDULED AREAS AND TRIBAL AREAS

(1) The provisions of the Fifth Schedule shall apply to the administration and control of the Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes in any State 1*** other than 2[the States of Assam, 3[, 4[Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram]]].

(2) The provisions of the Sixth Schedule shall apply to the administration of the tribal areas in 2[the States of Assam, 3[, 5[Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram]]]

1[ FORMATION OF AN AUTONOMOUS STATE COMPRISING CERTAIN TRIBAL AREAS IN ASSAM AND CREATION OF LOCAL LEGISLATURE OR COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OR BOTH THEREFOR]

(1) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, Parliament may, by law, form within the State of Assam an autonomous State comprising (whether wholly or in part) all or any of the tribal areas specified in 2[Part I] of the table appended to paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule and create therefor—

(a) a body, whether elected or partly nominated and partly elected, to function as a Legislature for the autonomous State, or

THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA,ARTICLE:245-255

LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS (RELATION BETWEEN THE UNION AND THE STATES)

ARTICLE:245-255

EXTENT OF LAWS MADE BY PARLIAMENT AND BY THE LEGISLATURES

(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the territory of India, and the Legislature of a State may make laws for the whole or any part of the State

(2) No law made by Parliament shall be deemed to be invalid on the ground that it would have extra-territorial operation

SUBJECT-MATTER OF LAWS MADE BY LEGISLATURES OF STATES

(1) Notwithstanding anything in clauses (2) and (3),

Parliament has exclusive power to make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in List I in the Seventh Schedule (in this Constitution referred to as the “Union List”)

THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA,ARTICEL :256-263

THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, ARTICLE:256-263

LDMINISTRATIVE RELTIONS (RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNION AND THE STATES

ARTICEL :256-263

OBLIGATION OF STATES AND THE UNION

The executive power of every State shall be so exercised as to ensure compliance with the laws made by Parliament and any existing laws which apply in that State, and the executive power of the Union shall extend to the giving of such directions to a State as may appear to the Government of India to be necessary for that purpose

CONTROL OF THE UNION OVER STATES IN CERTAIN CASES.

(1) The executive power of every State shall be so exercised as not to impede or prejudice the exercise of the executive power of the Union, and the executive power of the Union shall extend to the giving of such directions to a State as may appear to the Government of India to be necessary for that purpose

THE CONSTITUTION INDIA,ARTICAL : 264-291

THE CONSTITUTION INDIA, ARTICLE: 264-291

FINANCE (FINANCE, PROPERTY, CONTRACTS AND SUITS)

ARTICAL : 264-291

1[ INTERPRETATION]

In this Part, “Finance Commission” means a Finance Commission constituted under article 280.]

TAXES NOT TO BE IMPOSED SAVE BY AUTHORITY OF LAW

No tax shall be levied or collected except by authority of law

CONSOLIDATED FUNDS AND PUBLIC ACCOUNTS OF INDIA AND OF THE STATES

(1) Subject to the provisions of article 267 and to the provisions of this Chapter with respect to the assignment of the whole or part of the net proceeds of certain taxes and duties to States, all revenues received by the Government of India, all loans raised by that Government by the issue of

THE CONSTITUTION INDIA,ARTICAL : 292-293

BORROWING (FINANVCE, PROPERTY, CONTRACTS SUITS)

ARTICAL : 292-293

BORROWING BY THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

The executive power of the Union extends to borrowing upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of India within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by Parliament by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed

BORROWING BY STATES

(1) Subject to the provisions of this article, the executive power of a State extends to borrowing within the territory of India upon the security of the Consolidated Fund of the State within such limits, if any, as may from time to time be fixed by the Legislature of such State by law and to the giving of guarantees within such limits, if any, as may be so fixed

THE CONSTITUTION INDIA,ARTICAL:300A

RIGHT TO PROPERTY (FINANCE, PROPERTY, CONTRACTS AND SUITS)

ARTICAL:300A

PERSOMS NOT TO BE DEPRIVED OF PROPERTY SAVE BY AUTHORITY OFLAW

No person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law.]

TRADE, COMMERCE AND INTERCOURSE WITHIN THE TERRITORY

ARTICAL:301-307

FREEDOM OF TRADE, COMMERCE AND INTERCOURSE

Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free

SERVICES (SERVICES UNDER THEUNION AND THE STATES)

ARTICAL:308-314

INTERPRETATION

In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires,

the expression “State” 1[does not include the State of Jammu and Kashmir]

RECRUITMENT AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE OF PERSONS SERVING THE UNION OR A STATE

Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Acts of the appropriate Legislature may regulate the recruitment, and conditions of service of persons appointed, to public services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union or of any State:

THE CONSTITUTION INDIA,ARTICAL:315-323

PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSIONA (SERVICES UNDER THE UNION AND THE STATES)

ARTICAL:315-323

PUBLICE SERVICE COMMISSIONS FOR THE UNION AND FOR THE STATES

1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State

(2) Two or more States may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States, and if a resolution to that effect is passed by the House or, where there are two Houses, by each House of the Legislature of each of those States, Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (referred to in this Chapter as Joint Commission) to serve the needs of those States.

THE CONSTITUTION INDIA,ARTICAL:323A-323B

TRIBUNALS

ARTICAL:323A-323B

ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNALS

(1) Parliament may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by administrative tribunals of disputes and complaints with respect to recruitment and conditions of service of persons appointed to public services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union or of any State or of any local or other authority within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India or of any corporation owned or controlled by the Government.

(2) A law made under clause (1) may—

(a) provide for the establishment of an administrative tribunal for the Union and a separate administrative tribunal for each State or for two or

more States;

(b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;

(c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;

SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CERTAIN CLASSES

ARTICAL:330-342A

RESERVATION OF SEATS FOR SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES IN THE HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE

(1) Seats shall be reserved in the House of the People for —

(a) the Scheduled Castes;

1[(b) the Scheduled Tribes except the Scheduled Tribes in the autonomous districts of Assam; and]

(2) The number of seats reserved in any State 2[or Union territory] for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes under clause (1) shall bear, as

THE STATES-GENERAL.

ARTICAL:152-152

DEFINITION

In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, the expression “State” does not include the State of Jammu and Kashmir.

THE STATES-THE EXECUTIVE.

ARTICAL:153-167

GOVERNORS OF STATES

There shall be a Governor for each State:

Provided that nothing in this article shall prevent the appointment of the same person as Governor for two or more States.

THE CONSTITUTION INDIA,ARTICAL:343-344

LANGUAGE OF THE UNION (OFFICIAL LANGUAGE)

ARTICAL:343-344

OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF THE UNION

(1) The official language of the Union shall be Hindi in Devanagari script.

The form of numerals to be used for the official purposes of the Union shall be the international form of Indian numerals

(2) Notwithstanding anything in clause (1), for a period of fifteen years from the commencement of this Constitution, the English language shall continue to be used for all the official purposes of the Union for which it was being used immediately before such commencement:

Understanding the Uniform Civil Code: A Step Towards Equality and Unity

Introduction:

The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is a concept that has been at the forefront of legal and social discussions in India. The idea of implementing a single set of laws governing personal matters such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, and adoption across all religions and communities has been a subject of debate and deliberation for many years. In this article, we will explore the concept of the Uniform Civil Code, its significance, arguments for and against its implementation, and its potential impact on society.